Founded in 794 CE as Heian-kyō (Capital of Peace and Tranquility), Kyoto served as the Imperial capital of Japan for over a millennium until 1868. Modeled after the ancient Chinese capital of Chang’an, the city’s grid-like street system remains a testament to its classical origins. While political power shifted to Edo (Tokyo) in the 1600s, Kyoto remained the unchallenged center of Japanese high culture, religion, and traditional arts.
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